“The Silent Killer: How Climate Change is Impacting Human Health in Devastating Ways”

Climate change is not just an environmental issue – it is also a major threat to human health. According to the World Health Organization, climate change is expected to cause an estimated USD$2-4 billion in direct damage costs to health by the year 2030. But the toll on human health goes beyond just financial costs.

Extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, storms, bushfires, hurricanes, and floods, can lead to death and injury. The smoke from bushfires can contribute to respiratory illness and premature death, particularly in urban areas. In fact, 37 percent of heat-related deaths can be attributed to human-induced climate change, a figure that is likely to increase as temperatures rise.

The latest Global Burden of Disease study has shown that heat and air pollution have become more significant problems in many parts of the world since 1990. Changing temperature and weather patterns can also create conditions for the spread of waterborne and foodborne illnesses, such as cholera, malaria, and dengue fever.

The impact of these weather disasters on food security can be devastating, leading to malnutrition. Malnourished children are at a higher risk of death from common childhood illnesses like malaria, and children under five account for 30 percent of foodborne fatalities.

Climate change can also undermine social determinants of good health, such as livelihoods and social support structures, and can lead to mental health issues like climate anxiety and post-traumatic stress. Marginalized communities and those in areas with weak health infrastructure are most at risk, as are women who face higher rates of violence due to climate change-induced disasters.

Another overlooked threat is the interaction between pandemics and climate change. A recent meta-analysis revealed that climate change could worsen over 50 percent of known human pathogens, potentially leading to an increase in pandemics and epidemics. Building vaccine confidence is crucial in the face of climate change, especially as some populations have shown increased vaccine hesitancy since the COVID-19 pandemic.

The World Health Organization has warned that the climate crisis could undo the progress made in development, global health, and poverty reduction over the past 50 years. Recent court cases in India and Europe have framed climate change health issues as human rights concerns, highlighting the urgent need to address the intersection of climate change and health.

As we approach the 2024 World Health Summit hosted by Monash University, it is crucial to examine the various ways in which climate change, health, and the health sector intersect. By understanding the key challenges and solutions, we can work towards a healthier and more sustainable future for all.