“2024: The Hottest Year on Record – How We Can Still Limit Climate Change Impact”
This year is on track to be the hottest on record, with global average temperatures almost certain to surpass the key threshold of 1.5C above pre-industrial times. Scientists are warning about the extreme climate and weather events that have already occurred and the potential for even more serious impacts in the future. However, they emphasize that there is still time to limit the damage by phasing out fossil fuels and taking steps to protect communities from the effects of heatwaves, droughts, floods, and storms.
A recent report from researchers collaborating with the World Weather Attribution (WWA) and Climate Central projects found that climate change had intensified 26 out of 29 weather events studied in 2024. These disasters resulted in at least 3,700 deaths and displaced millions of people around the world. Examples included severe floods in Spain, hurricanes in the US, drought in the Amazon rainforest, and flooding in Africa.
The report also highlighted that people experienced an average of 41 extra days of dangerous heat in 2024 due to human-caused warming. Friederike Otto, lead of WWA and a climate science lecturer at Imperial College London, stressed the importance of transitioning away from fossil fuels to make the world safer and more stable.
Key findings from the report include:
Heat: 2024 is expected to be the hottest year on record, with record-breaking temperatures in the first six months. The El Niño climate phenomenon contributed to some of the heat, but rising emissions were the main driver. Small island developing states experienced the highest number of risky heat days, with residents facing over 130 additional days of dangerous heat.
Flooding: The high temperatures in 2024 led to record-breaking downpours and devastating floods in various regions worldwide. Early warning and preparedness were crucial in mitigating the impacts of these events.
Storms: As the world warms, more powerful tropical cyclones are occurring, with increased wind speeds and rainfall. The Philippines experienced six consecutive storms, including three super typhoons, affecting millions of people.
Drought and wildfires: Rising temperatures worsen droughts by increasing water loss from soils. The Amazon rainforest faced a severe drought, raising concerns about tree dieback and carbon release. Wildfires were particularly active in the Americas, impacting air quality and leading to increased mortality from inhaling smoke.
Overall, the report underscores the urgent need to address climate change by reducing emissions, transitioning to renewable energy, and enhancing preparedness for extreme weather events. Scientists and experts are calling for immediate action to prevent further harm and protect vulnerable communities from the impacts of a warming world.